What does the theory of continental drift explain?

The theory of continental drift explains the movement of continents over geological time, which was proposed by Alfred Wegener in the early 20th century. According to this theory, the continents were once part of a single supercontinent called Pangaea and have since drifted apart due to tectonic forces. This concept highlights how landmasses have shifted positions on the Earth's surface through processes driven by plate tectonics, leading to their current arrangements.

Continental drift provides insight into various geological phenomena, including the similarities in rock formations and fossil records across different continents, which suggest that they were once joined. This theory serves as a foundational principle that supports our understanding of geology, plate tectonics, and the dynamic nature of the Earth’s crust, establishing a framework for explaining not just the movement of continents but its implications on the Earth's geologic history.