What phenomenon occurs when two tectonic plates grind past each other?

When two tectonic plates grind past each other, the primary phenomenon that occurs is the release of stress, which results in earthquakes. As the plates move, they can become locked due to friction, causing stress to build up in the Earth's crust. When the stress exceeds the frictional force, it is released suddenly, creating seismic waves that we experience as earthquakes.

This process is particularly characteristic of transform boundaries, where the horizontal movement of tectonic plates can create significant geological stress. The earthquakes resulting from this motion can vary in intensity, and their epicenters often align with the boundaries where the plates interact. Understanding this relationship helps explain why certain regions are more seismically active than others.

In contrast, the other phenomena listed involve different tectonic processes. For instance, volcanic eruptions are generally associated with convergent and divergent boundaries, where magma is generated. Mountain ranges typically form through the collision of tectonic plates rather than their lateral movement. Lastly, the creation of ocean basins primarily occurs at divergent boundaries where plates separate.